Man Ray (1890–1976) was an American modernist artist and a key figure in both the Dada and Surrealist movements. Born Emmanuel Radnitzky in Philadelphia, he initially pursued painting and sculpture before relocating to Paris in the 1920s. Renowned for his avant-garde photography, Ray pioneered techniques such as solarization and rayographs, where objects were placed directly on photosensitive paper. His iconic works, like "Violin d'Ingres" (1924), showcased a seamless blend of visual art and photography. Ray's artistic versatility extended to filmmaking and assemblage, contributing significantly to the Dada and Surrealist ethos. His collaborations with fellow artists, including Marcel Duchamp, solidified his legacy as a trailblazer in the avant-garde. Man Ray's innovative approach to art continues to influence contemporary photography and remains a hallmark of 20th-century avant-garde movements.